SteveCook FIT is based on measured generation, you have to have a meter on the AC side of your FIT solar panels. You get a payment for what you generate (the generation payment). Separately you get a payment for export (the export payment). Export payment is based on what you export, but if you don’t have a means of measuring export (i.e. no smart meter) then you can be paid export based on an assumed 50% of generation - this is the deemed export payment.
If you have a smart meter fitted then you have to go onto measured export as there is a means of measuring your actual export. However suppliers seem not to chase you for that, but it is an explicit part of the T&C.
You can at any time choose to forgo the FIT deemed export and move to measured export, i.e. a normal SEG export payment. I chose to do this about 6 months after having my GivEnergy panels installed (August 2023). I gave up about £100 of deemed export per year, and received £301 in measured export in the remainder of that year and about £1100 of measured export in each of the following two years.
FIT generation and FIT deemed export are both at different rates depending on when you signed up for FIT. The early adopters got really good rates, as the years went on the rates progressively dropped. I was a relatively late joiner, getting mine in January 2016, my initial generation was 12p/kWh and deemed export 4.9p/kWh.
Both the payment rates increase annually by RPI, and it’s that change that the government is consulting on. The contract does allow the government to vary the increases, and we did sign up for that so the projected income was never guaranteed, it was a risk.
I’m currently being paid 18p/kWh for my generation and by the end of Q1 next year my FIT payments will have recouped my investment, so 10 years payback. Plus of course the generation has reduced my electricity bill.
PS: You can have a battery fitted to your FIT solar, either changing the FIT inverter for a hybrid or having an AC coupled one after the export meter. If you have a hybrid inverter then the generation meter still measures what you generated (either solar or from the battery), but of course all energy that comes from the battery is less conversion losses so your FIT generation will go down as a result. You can charge the battery as well, the FIT meter needs to be a ‘net meter’ that gives a figure for export-import.