DD A SMETS2 electricity meter doesn't store 30 minute meter readings, it stores consumption data.
Nor does it calculate 24 hour meter readings unless the customer has specifically opted into one day/30 day meter readings for privacy reasons. In that case it no longer stores 30 minute consumption data, it either stores 24 hour consumption data OR 30 day consumption data. Its not an either/or situation, you only get one set of data stored on the meter.
Anything missing and they can't calculate energy used over the course of 24 hours. Simple as that. That's why Octopus require 30 minute data on ALL smart tariffs.
Gas meters don't work the same, presumably because there weren't any forseeable ToU tariffs (which would be politically acceptable) at the time the spec was written.
Having looked at our data (pulled from DCC) I find no missing 30 minute consumption data for electricity. For gas there are about 200 entries where there's no 30 minute data - those don't cause Octopus any problems because they don't care when the gas was used, just that it was used.
I'm not surprised the gas meter has occasional missing data as its on the other side of the garage, with 2 x 400mm thick cavity walls between it and the comms module - oh and whatever is in the garage, like a battery/inverter, which probably does quite a good job of attenuating RF.